Data security refers to the ability to take necessary measures to ensure that data is effectively protected and used legally, and to keep data in a safe state. Different from network security, the core of data security is to ensure the safety and legal and orderly flow of data. At present, data, as a new factor of production, is profoundly affecting the economic and social development of the country. Data security assurance capability is a direct reflection of national competitiveness. Data security is an important aspect of national security and an important issue to promote the healthy development of the digital economy and enhance national governance capabilities.

First, the ability to guarantee data security is a direct reflection of a country’s competitiveness. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the first meeting of the Central Cyber ​​Security and Informatization Leading Group that “information resources have increasingly become an important factor of production and social wealth, and the amount of information mastered has become an important symbol of a country’s soft power and competitiveness”, emphasizing that data Important value for enhancing national competitiveness. As a new factor of production, data has promoted the development of digital infrastructure and the iterative upgrading of industries, making the digital economy a new engine for high-quality economic development in my country. At the same time, with the wide application of big data in the field of governance, the national governance capacity and level of governance have also been effectively improved. The importance of data to national development has long been self-evident. Whether data can always be used as a positive factor to help economic and social development and avoid potential security risks caused by data security issues is an important concern for national data security work. Data security capability is an important prerequisite for ensuring the advantages of data development, and it is also a direct reflection of national competitiveness. Focusing on the construction of data security assurance capabilities, the “13th Five-Year Plan” clearly proposes to strengthen information security assurance and speed up the layout of data resource security protection. For example, establish a big data management system, implement data classification and hierarchical management, strengthen the security protection of data resources in various links such as collection, storage, application and opening, and strengthen the protection of public data resources and personal data. In recent years, my country has accelerated its legislative work in the field of data security, and successively promulgated and implemented the Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (Draft), and the Data Security Law of the People’s Republic of China (Draft). )”. At present, some major economies and major countries in the world have issued data strategies centered on developing the digital economy and protecting data security, such as the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (2018), the EU Data Strategy (2020), and the US’s Federal Data Strategy and 2020 Action Plan (2019), Data Strategy (2020), etc. Data security assurance capability is becoming the main capability of the country to develop the digital economy and maintain data security. Many countries are actively carrying out legislation and strategic planning in the field of data security assurance. Data security assurance capability has also become an important indicator for evaluating the competitiveness of a country.

Second, data protection and security are important aspects of national security. In 2015, the State Council issued the “Outline of Action for Promoting the Development of Big Data”, proposing an important judgment that “data has become a national basic strategic resource”. In 2016, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the symposium on network security and informatization, “We must strengthen the management of big data in accordance with the law. Many data involving national interests and national security are in the hands of Internet companies, and companies must ensure these Data Security”. In 2017, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized during the second collective study of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee that “national data security must be effectively guaranteed”. Data security is closely related to national security, and the task of protecting data security has become increasingly urgent with the proliferation of data. According to relevant data, from 2018 to 2025, the annual average growth rate of China’s total data volume is expected to reach 30%, exceeding the global average; in 2025, China’s data circle will increase to 48.6ZB, accounting for 27.8% of the global data volume , become the world’s largest data circle. With the surge in data volume and the increasingly frequent cross-border flow of data, strong data security protection and flow supervision will become an important guarantee for national security. Data is closely related to the country’s economic operation, social governance, public services, national defense and security. The outflow of some personal privacy information, business operation data, and key national data may expose personal information, corporate core data, or even important national information. The leaks have brought various hidden dangers to national security. In addition, on a global scale, cross-border attacks targeting data are becoming more and more frequent, and have become a new form of transnational crime that challenges the security of sovereign countries. my country attaches great importance to data security. The “Data Security Law of the People’s Republic of China (Draft)” released in July 2020 clarifies the legal responsibility for data security protection. In order to ensure data security, better promote the development and utilization of data, protect citizens, The legitimate rights and interests of the organization and the safeguarding of national sovereignty, security and development interests have consolidated the foundation of the rule of law. The “Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for 2035” reviewed and approved by the Fifth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China further clarified that in the future, my country will pay more attention to “guaranteeing National data security, strengthen the protection of personal information”. China examines data security issues from the perspective of national strategy and places it at an important position in current development and future construction. Data security has become an important part of national security.

Third, data security and order is the foundation for the healthy development of the digital economy. With the acceleration of a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, the digital economy has provided new momentum for the economic development of various countries, and has become a new high ground for competition in the world. Under the impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the world economy has fallen into a downturn, and traditional commerce and international trade have suffered a huge blow. Ensuring the healthy development of the digital economy is of great significance to the recovery of the world economy. At present, my country’s digital economy has gained new space for development and has been deeply integrated into various fields of the national economy. For example, new business formats such as live streaming, online games, online education, and online office are growing rapidly. The digital economy has shown a strong driving effect of stimulating domestic demand and expanding consumption, which has promoted the recovery and growth of my country’s economy. According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, my country’s GDP in the first three quarters of 2020 increased by 0.7% year-on-year, while the scale of information consumption in the same period reached 3.6 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 6.5%, effectively driving economic growth. The digital economy not only facilitates economic recovery, but also creates new opportunities, creates new jobs and personal development opportunities, and ensures the normal operation of the economy and society during the epidemic. In the process of the vigorous development of the digital economy, data security is the key. In addition to the security of the data itself, the legal and compliant use of data is also an important part of data security. Abusing data or conducting data monopoly, and using data illegally and compliantly will greatly weaken the vitality and momentum of the development of the digital economy. Therefore, how to further ensure data security and its legal and orderly flow will become the focus of my country’s digital governance. In February 2021, the Anti-Monopoly Committee of the State Council formulated and issued the Anti-Monopoly Guidelines of the Anti-Monopoly Committee of the State Council on the Platform Economy Sector, which mentioned the security and legal use of data in many places, in order to prevent and stop monopolistic behaviors in the platform economy sector. , to guide operators in the platform economy to operate in compliance with laws and regulations, and to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the online economy. Data security is the foundation for the healthy development of the digital economy. We must ensure data security and its legal and orderly flow, and promote the sustainable and vigorous development of the digital economy with data as a key element.

Fourth, data security is an important issue in national digital governance. Digital governance involves multiple subjects such as government departments, Internet companies, data trading platforms, and information users. How to coordinate multiple subjects, on the basis of data security risk assessment, further standardize digital rights confirmation, opening, circulation, and transactions, establish corresponding legal and management mechanisms, and comprehensively use policies, supervision, and laws to ensure data security. Safe and orderly flow is a key link in digital governance. As a new governance area, digital governance should focus on security issues caused by cross-border data flow. Therefore, strengthening international cooperation is crucial. On September 8, 2020, China launched the “Global Data Security Initiative”, adhering to the principle of paying equal attention to development and security, and calling on all parties to strengthen communication, deepen dialogue and cooperation on the basis of mutual respect, and balance technological progress, economic development and The relationship between protecting national security and social and public interests. Data security has increasingly become an important issue in China’s multilateral diplomacy and an important aspect of China’s participation in global digital governance. The proposal of the “Global Data Security Initiative” fully demonstrates China’s positive attitude towards global digital governance and the concept of jointly building a peaceful, secure, open, cooperative and orderly cyberspace community with a shared future. China will contribute more Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to strengthening the safe and orderly flow of data, promoting the development of the global digital economy, and formulating global digital governance rules.